ES3’s MARS code includes such analytical methods as:

• Explicit central-difference time integration schemes.
• Belytschko-Leviathan quadrilateral shell element with full projection
• Multi-layer through-the-thickness integration schemes: multiple materials, orthotropic materials with different orientation at each layer
• Solid material formulations can be interfaces to shell elements
• Flanagan-Taylor hexahedral solid elements
• Belytschko-Tsay shell elements
• Beams with built-in cross sections: I, Z, C, cables, rebars, tubes, etc.
• Several material models:
• Hypo-elastic formulations: elasto-plastic, concrete, etc.
• Hyper-elastic formulations (solids only): rubbers.
• Node-face and edge-edge contact conditions
• Adaptive refinement (fission/fusion) for hexahedral solid meshes with no hanging nodes
• Adaptive refinement (fission/fusion) for quadrilateral shell elements with no hanging nodes
• Modeling of physical instrumentation (strain gages, accelerometers)
• Solid and shell erosion algorithm with conversion of eroded elements to spherical fragments
• Fragment interaction with solids and shells.
• Cracking algorithm for shells: laceration at relatively lower strain rates, automatic brittle failure at higher strain rates
• Cracking algorithm for solids.
• Rivets: used to connect beams to shells or two shells together.
• Node-to-Solid constraints to place a rebar inside an arbitrarily mesh solid mesh.
• Node-to-Shell constraints: this feature enables to create complex plate models by generating sub-assemblies and merging them together.
• One-dimensional slide-line to simulate rebar-concrete pull out tests.